Hospitalization patient Malignancy tumors Statistic analysis
目的：分析某三甲综合医院住院患者恶性肿瘤死亡病例的构成及分布情况，为肿瘤防控工作及医疗资源配置提供参考依据。方法：采用回顾性研究方法对某医院2006年—2015年恶性肿瘤死亡病例的年龄、性别、死亡疾病构成及顺位等流行病学特征进行统计分析。结果：该医院2006年—2015年恶性肿瘤死亡病例1 959例，10年平均病死率为3.86%；恶性肿瘤死因构成中，前五位依次为肺癌（18.99%）、肝癌（10.72%）、胃癌（10.16%）、血液系统恶性肿瘤（7.61%）、胰腺癌（4.90%）；恶性肿瘤死亡病例集中在60岁以上老年人群，占比75.34%；男性病死率明显高于女性（χ2=265.997，P＜0.001）。结论：恶性肿瘤死亡主要集中在老年人群，肺癌位居恶性肿瘤死因首位，应健全老年医疗保障机制，加强健康防护教育，增强人群自我保健意识，克服不良生活习惯；同时，应注重生活环境优化，控制环境污染，做到防治结合。
Objectives：To analyze the death cases composition and their distribution situation of inpatients with malignancy tumors in a first-class general hospital，and provide reference for tumor prevention and control work as well as the allocation of medical resources. Methods：To make a statistical analysis on the epidemiology characters of the inpatients with malignancy tumors in a hospital from 2006 to 2015 which includes age，sex，ethnicity，disease pattern and sequence of death with the retrospective analysis method. Results：There were 1 959 cases of death cases with malignancy tumors in the hospital from 2006 to 2015. The average mortality rate during 10 years was 3.86%. In the constitution of death causes of malignant tumour, the top five malignancies in turn were lung cancer（18.99%），liver cancer（10.72%），gastric cancer（10.16%），hematological malignancies（7.61%），pancreatic cancer（4.90%）respectively. The high occurrence of patients were over 60 years old，which accounted for75.34% of malignant tumor deaths in the hospital. The mortality rate of males was significantly higher than females（χ2=265.997，χ＜0.001）. Conclusions：Most of the death cases with malignancy tumors focused on elderly patients. Lung cancer ranked the first place of all the death causes. We should improve the old-age medical security system，strengthen health protection education，enhance the self-care awareness of the population and overcome bad living habits. Meanwhile, we have to pay attention to the optimization of living environment，control environmental pollution as well as combine prevention with governance.