目的：评价天津市三级公立医院突发急性传染病应急能力现状，并剖析其短板，为政策制定提供参考。方法：调查天津市38家三级公立医院，构建指标评价体系，采用熵值法确定权重，以综合得分率评价医院应急能力水平。结果：指标权重介于0.08-8.23之间，综合得分率为4.55%-97.37%。高危病原检测、传染病床位、应急专职人员人数、传染病专业医生等关键指标权重高但得分率低，而应急管理、预案管理等制度类指标得分率较高，反映出人力资源、实验室检测能力和物资储备等方面的不足。结论：天津市三级公立医院应急管理制度建设较为完善，但实际执行能力和资源储备方面存在欠缺。建议完善管理体系、加强人才队伍建设、提升实验室检测能力、构建动态预警机制，并优化物资储备，从而增强应急响应效能。

Objective：To evaluate the current situation of emergency response capabilities for sudden acute infectious diseases in tertiary public hospitals in Tianjin，and analyze their shortcomings，providing reference for policy formulation. Method：A survey was conducted on 38 tertiary public hospitals in Tianjin，and an indicator evaluation system was constructed. The entropy method was used to determine weights，and the comprehensive score rate was used to evaluate the level of ability. Result：The weight ranges from 0.08 to 8.23，and the comprehensive score rate is between 4.55% and 97.37%. Key indicators such as high-risk pathogen detection，infectious disease beds，number of emergency full-time personnel，and infectious disease professional doctors have high weights but low scoring rates，while institutional indicators such as emergency management and contingency plan management have high scoring rates，reflecting deficiencies in human resources，laboratory testing capabilities，and material reserves. Conclusion：Tianjin tertiary public hospitals have relatively complete emergency management system construction，but there are deficiencies in actual implementation capacity and resource reserves. Suggestions include improving the management system，strengthening the construction of talent teams，enhancing laboratory testing capabilities，establishing a dynamic warning mechanism，and optimizing material reserves to enhance emergency response efficiency.