目的：基于国家卫生健康委员会脑卒中防治工程“脑卒中高危人群筛查与干预项目”平台，通过对本地区农村居民进行危险因素社区筛查，了解影响脑卒中患病的主要危险因素。方法：采用多阶段整群抽样的方法，抽取南通市4 000名农村居民参与完成问卷调查及社区体检筛查，有效样本为3 709人。脑卒中高危风险因素筛查的调查内容主要包括：人口学变量、生活方式变量、生理生化指标变量、脑卒中筛查诊断等。采用描述性分析组间差异单因素分析、回归分析探究脑卒中的健康危险因素。结果：脑卒中患病率为2.48%，其中出血性脑卒中患者57人（0.92%），缺血性脑卒中患者34人（1.54%）。有脑卒中疾病家族史、高血压病、血脂异常、缺乏运动等发生脑卒中的风险明显增加（P < 0.001）。年龄是脑卒中患病重要影响因素，每增加1岁，患病率增加4%（P < 0.01）。结论：体力活动缺乏、高血压、糖尿病等合并慢性病增加了脑卒中患病风险。

Objective：Based on the Stroke Prevention and Control Project of the National Health Commission “Screening and Intervention Project for High Risk Population of Stroke”，this study conducted community screening of risk factors among rural residents to understand the main risk factors affecting the prevalence of stroke in this region. Methods：Using the method of multi-stage cluster sampling，4，000 rural residents from Nantong were selected to participate in the community screening. 3，709 effective samples completed the questionnaire survey and community physical examination screening. The investigation contents of screening for high risk factors of stroke mainly include：demographic variables，lifestyle variables，physiological and biochemical indicators variables，screening diagnosis of stroke，etc. Using descriptive analysis to analyze the differences between groups Univariate analysis，regression analysis to explore the health risk factors of stroke. Results：The prevalence of stroke was 2.48%，including 57 patients with hemorrhagic stroke（0.92%）and 34 patients with ischemic stroke（1.54%）.Those with a family history of stroke，hypertension，dyslipidemia，lack of exercise，etc. have a significantly increased risk of stroke（P < 0.001）. Age is also an important factor affecting the prevalence of stroke. The prevalence of stroke increases by 4% every year（P < 0.01）. Conclusion：Chronic diseases such as physical activity deficiency，hypertension and diabetes increase the risk of stroke.