Abstract:Objective：To explore the changes of quality and benefit oftertiary children’s specialized hospitals driven by the public hospitals performance assessment indexes. Methods：Taking acertain tertiary children’s specialized hospital in Nanjing as an example，the paper constructs the comprehensive target performance assessment management system at the hospital by closely following the key indicators of public hospitals performance assessment，and analyze and compare the changes of quality and benefitindexes before and after performance assessment. Results：After the performance assessment，the four-level operation rate，the proportion of minimally invasive surgery，the proportion of critically ill patients，the compliance of hand hygiene and the correct rate of hand washing representing the quality of the hospital have increased significantly，and the proportion of common diseases of discharged patients has decreased significantly. The income of medical services and the proportion of daytime surgery representing benefits have increased compared with the previous year，and the average drug cost per time and thehealth material consumption per 100 yuan income has been effectively controlled. The scientific research funds per 100 medical personnel representing sustainable development has increased. Conclusion：The hospital comprehensive target performance assessment management system around the national public hospital performance assessment indexes has effectively improved the hospital quality and benefit indexes，promoted the structural adjustment of hospital diseases，promoted the common and frequently occurring diseases in pediatrics to sink to grass-roots hospitals，and gradually improved the scientific and technological ability of the hospital.