目的：研究住院超30天患者的分布形态与特点，寻找导致超长住院的影响因素，提出相应的管理建议。方法：基于DRG分组后的某三甲医院2019-2020年病案首页共190 793条数据，将患者分为≦30天组与>30天组，对比两组患者性别、年龄、DRG治疗方式、疾病疑难系数（RW）以及总费用与日均费用的分布情况，同时进行单因素与多因素Logistic统计推断，探索发现降低住院日的契机。结果：两组住院日分布均呈现严重右拖尾，两组性别、年龄、DRG治疗方式、RW、总费用与日均费用均有显著性差异（P < 0.001），男性、高龄、RW增加均会导致住院超30天的风险增大，相对于操作组，手术组与内科组患者更可能住院超过30天。结论：医院应加大分级诊疗力度、积极推进日间放化疗，同时注意医患沟通，与卫健委等部门合力提升医疗资源利用率，提升全民健康水平。

Objective：Explore the distribution and features of patients who stay more than 30 days in hospital，find risk factors，and give administrative suggestions. Methods：Based on 190，793 pieces of data extracted from inpatients discharged from a certain grade A tertiary hospital from 2019 to 2020，create 2 groups（≦30 days v.s >30 days），compare the distribution of gender、age、DRG therapy category、relative weight（RW）、total cost and daily cost between the 2 groups，combine with single factor analysis and logistic regression，to find ways to decrease days of hospitalization. Results：Days of hospitalization between the 2 groups are heavily right-tailed，gender、age、DRG therapy category、RW、total cost and daily cost are significantly different between the 2 groups（P < 0.001），male、elder and bigger RW will increase the risk of more than 30 days hospitalization，compared with operation group，patients in surgery group and internal group are more likely to stay more than 30 days. Conclusion：The hospital should spend more time in setting up a better hierarchical medical system、promoting outpatient chemotherapy and radiotherapy，and pay attention to patient communication，unite Health Commission and relative departments to increase the efficiency of medical resource and promote people’s health condition.