目的：探讨儿科护士传染病突发事件应对能力现状及其影响因素，为儿科护士传染病突发事件应对能力的培训提供依据。方法：2020年2月15日—25日期间通过问卷星的形式，采用《传染病突发事件应对能力问卷》对851名儿科护士进行调查，并分析其现状及影响因素。结果：儿科护士传染病突发事件应对能力总分为（134.87±24.61）分，预防能力、准备能力和救援能力3个维度的得分分别为（12.02±2.17）分、（14.44±3.24）分、（108.42±20.18）分。多元回归分析显示，儿科护士传染病突发事件应对能力的影响因素包括：如果开展传染病突发事件培训您是否愿意参加、参加培训数分组，2个因素的可解释度为20.9%。结论：儿科护士传染病突发事件应对能力有待进一步提高，医疗卫生管理者和教育者应加强培训力度，从培训内容、培训频次等方面着手，进一步提升儿科护士对传染病突发事件的应对能力。

Objective：To explore the current situation of pediatric nurses’ ability to respond to infectious disease emergencies and its influencing factors，so as to provide basis for the training of pediatric nurses’ ability to respond to infectious disease emergencies. Methods：From February 15th to 25th，2020，through the form of questionnaire stars，the "Infectious Disease Emergency Response Ability Questionnaire" was used to survey 851 pediatric nurses，and their current status and influencing factors were analyzed. Result：The total score of pediatric nurses’ ability to respond to infectious disease emergencies is（134.87±24.61）points. The scores of the three dimensions of prevention ability，preparation ability and rescue ability are（12.02±2.17）points，（14.44±3.24）points，respectively.（108.42±20.18）points. Multiple regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of pediatric nurses’ ability to respond to infectious disease emergencies include：whether you are willing to participate in the training of infectious disease emergencies，and the number of training groups，the interpretability of the two factors is 20.9%. Conclusion：The ability of pediatric nurses to respond to infectious disease emergencies needs to be further improved. Medical and health managers and educators should strengthen their training，starting from the content and frequency of training，and further improve the ability of pediatric nurses to respond to infectious disease emergencies .