Abstract:Objective：By investigating the daily self-care ability and its influencing factors of the elderly aged 60 or above in Haikou，this paper provides scientific basis for the elderly to improve their health care level and enhance their health awareness. Methods：A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted to select 365 elderly people in the community who met the inclusion criteria. ADL scale was used to investigate the status quo of the elderly’s self-care ability in daily life，and univariate χ2 analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were conducted on the related factors affecting self-care ability. Results：A total of 365 residents over the age of 60 were surveyed in this study. 92.1% of the elderly have full self-care ability. Age，marital status，current residence，pre-retirement occupation，current smoking status，average weekly exercise time，chronic diseases diagnosed by doctors，and hospitalization in the 12 months before the survey were correlated with the elderly’s ability to take care of themselves in daily life，with statistically significant differences（P < 0.05）. Marital status，pre-retirement occupation，current smoking status，average weekly exercise time，and whether the elderly were hospitalized in the 12 months before the survey were the main factors influencing the elderly’s ability to take care of themselves in daily life. Conclusion：The overall level of self-care ability of the elderly in Haikou is relatively high. The self-care ability of the elderly hospitalized 12 months before divorce or investigation is worse than that of the elderly in the same group，and the self-care ability of the elderly who work，farm and smoke is better. It is necessary to care the old people’s life and mental state in a multidimensional way to enhance their health care awareness.