Abstract:Objective：To analyze the current situation of preventive and therapeutic use of antimicrobial drugs in neurosurgery（including the Neurosurgical intensive care unit），to evaluate its rationality，and to provide safety，effective and economical basis for drug use. Methods：We evaluated the rationality of antibacterial use in 452 neurosurgery cases. Multidisciplinary team was organized to analyze the cause of unreasonable use，develop specifications for the use of antibacterial，propaganda and educate the reasonable safe medication to reduce hospital infection and ensure patient health. Results：We developed our own first drugspecification：Jiangyin People’s Hospital neurosurgery specification of antimicrobial agents. The pass rate of preventive use of antimicrobial drugs in surgery increased from 64.29% to 94.12%；The proportion of additional antimicrobial drugs in surgery which lasted more than 3 h increased significantly；The proportion of combined applications of sodium valproate and carbon-to-chlorite antimicrobialdrugs decreased，and the utilization rate of sodium valproate decreased；The utilization rate of cefoselis use in elderly patients decreased slightly. Conclusion：The specification is convenient，fast and practical. This project has increased the rationality of surgical prophylaxis，drug interactions，age correlation of antimicrobial drugs use.