Abstract:Objective：To study the competitiveness of urban and rural health talents and its influencing factors under the background of hierarchical diagnosis. Methods：The self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the health administrative departments，medical institutions，public health institutions，and administrative personnel and health technicians of township hospitals in southern，central and northern Jiangsu. Factor analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of the competitiveness of urban and rural health talents. Results：A total of 3，157 valid samples were collected in this study. Ability to develop new technologies，scientific research ability，teaching ability，problem solving ability，professional title，education background and business ability were main factors for the competitiveness of urban and rural health talents. Conclusions：The function complementarity of urban and rural health talents should be fully realized from the macro level of government，the medium level of institutions and the micro level of individuals. Establish the linkage mechanism of urban and rural talent assistance and integrated management. Urban and rural areas and regions are required to develop strengths and avoid weaknesses，complement each other’s strengths，form synergy，and achieve a win-win situation.