目的：分析国家名医工作室模式下的中医传承现状、难点与问题，探索中医传承过程中各因素的影响路径，为研究和优化中医传承提供理论依据和对策建议。方法：设计调查问卷分别从基础信息和传承各因素的符合情况方面对全国国家名医工作室的4 000名成员进行问卷调研，并对部分调查对象进行访谈，从文化传播视角构建中医传承模型，利用统计软件对调查结果进行统计分析。结果：国家名医工作室模式下的传承主体对传承客体具有显著正向影响，总效应为0.722；传承主体对精神、经验和知识的传承具有显著正向影响，总效应分别为0.842、0.776和0.290；传承客体对传承本体中的精神、经验的传承具有显著正向影响，总效应均为0.323，对知识传承无显著正向影响。结论：名老中医药专家是传承的核心与关键，良好的负责人和继承人是中医有效传承的重要保证，传承过程中知识显性化难度最大。应从传承面、传承内涵和中医思维方面优化中医传承。

Objective：To analyze the status quo，difficulties and problems of the inheritance of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）under the mode of national famous doctor’ inheritance studio，and to explore the influencing factors in the inheritance process of TCM，and to provide theoretical basis and Countermeasures for the study and optimization of the inheritance of TCM. Methods：This study surveyed 4，000 members of the National famous doctor’s inheritance studios for the basic information and the various factors affecting inheritance through questionnaire. Some interviewees were interviewed，and the TCM inheritance model was constructed under the prospect of cultural communication. Statistical software was used to analyze the survey results. Results：The inheriting subject showed significant positive influence on the inheritance object under the mode of national famous doctor’s inheritance studio，and the total effect is 0.722. The inheritance subject showed significant positive impact on the inheritance of spirit，experience and knowledge，with an effective rate of 0.842，0.776 and 0.290，respectively. The inheritance object showed significant positive influence on the inheritance of the spirit and experience in the inheritance ontology，and showed no significant positive influence on the knowledge inheritance. Conclusions：An old Chinese medicine expert is the core and key to inheritance. Good responsible person and heirs are important guarantees for the effective inheritance of Chinese medicine. It is the most difficult to make knowledge explicit in the process of inheritance. The inheritance of TCM should be optimized from the aspects of inheritance，inheritance and TCM thought.