Abstract:Objective：The present situation and development trend of syphilis serological testing in primary maternal and child health care institutions were analyzed by reviewing the external quality assessment results of syphilis in the free pre-pregnancy health examination in Jiangsu province from 2012 to 2021. Methods：The external quality assessment were carried out twice a year and five samples were distributed each time. The participating units tested and reported the results by the deadline. Then the results of the external quality assessment of all participating units were collected and analyzed. Results：From 2012 to 2021，the full mark rate and qualified rate of syphilis serological testing of external quality assessment increased from 66.32% and 95.79% to 100.00% and 100.00% respectively. The usage rate of CLIA improved from 1.05% to 25.29%，and the usage rate of RPR and TRUST decreased from 29.47% and 14.74% to 0.00% and 5.75%，respectively. The highest coincidence rate of all detection methods were up to 100.00%，and the coincidence rate of ELISA and CLIA was high and stable. Except for the first time in 2017，the coincidence rates of RPR and TRUST were both above 93.00%，While the coincidence rate of TPPA and other groups fluctuated greatly. The coincidence rates of ELISA and CLIA were significantly higher than that of TPPA（P < 0.05）. But there was no significant difference in the coincidence rate between RPR and TRUST（P > 0.05）. Conclusion：The serological detection capacity of syphilis in primary maternal and child health care institutions in Jiangsu Province is generally ideal. There are some differences in the result coincidence rate between different detection methods，which should be taken into consideration in the selection of syphilis serological detection methods.