目的：分析近5年来某儿童医院注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）患儿盐酸哌甲酯缓释片（MPH）处方特征及药物消耗趋势。方法：研究2018年至2022年ADHD患儿的MPH处方，对患儿的性别差异、年龄、单次取药量、就诊间隔及药物消耗模式进行分析。依据SPSS时间-序列模型对未来两年MPH的消耗量进行预测。结果：男女患儿的处方性别比由2018年的5.99下降为2022年的5.33；患儿平均就诊年龄约为10岁；2020年以后患儿就诊量大幅增加，2022年就诊人次是2018年的3.05倍；2022年MPH药物总DDDs是2018年的3.24倍。结论：近5年来苏州某儿童医院ADHD就诊量及MPH药物消耗量均呈上涨的趋势。

Objective：This study aims to analyze the prescription patterns and trends in the use of methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets（MPH）for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder（ADHD）over the past 5 years in a certain children’s hospital. Methods：MPH prescriptions for children with ADHD from 2018 to 2022 were studied and the gender differences，age distribution，single visit prescription dosage，visit intervals and drug consumption pattern of children were analyzed. Additionally，SPSS time-series modeling was utilized to predict MPH consumption for the next two years. Results：The ratio of male to female prescriptions decreased from 5.99 in 2018 to 5.33 in 2022；The average age of the children was approximately 10 years；There was a significant increase in the number of visits after 2020，with 2022 recording 3.05 times more visits compared to 2018. Furthermore，the total defined daily doses（DDDs）of MPH medications in 2022 were 3.24 times higher than in 2018. Conclusion：There is a trend of increasing the number of pediatric ADHD visits and the consumption of MPH medication are on the rise in a certain children’s hospital in Suzhou.