目的：探究基于健康意识理论的健康教育对维持性血液透析（MHD）患者自我管理水平及负性心理状态的影响。方法：选取2022年1月至2022年6月在我院血液净化中心行维持性血液透析的患者110例，随机分为对照组（55例）和研究组（55例）。其中对照组患者进行常规健康教育，研究组在对照组的基础上进行基于健康意识理论的健康教育。于干预前及干预六个月后比较两组MHD患者自我管理量表得分、焦虑自评量表（SAS）得分及抑郁自评量表（SDS）的得分状况。结果：干预后，研究组MHD患者自我管理量表各维度得分及总分升高程度大于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；研究组MHD患者SAS和SDS得分降低程度大于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：基于健康意识理论的健康教育能显著提高MHD患者的自我管理水平，改善其不良心理状态。

Objective：To explore the influence of health education based on health awareness theory on self-management level and negative psychological state of Maintenance hemodialysis（MHD）patients. Methods：110 patients who underwent maintenance hemodialysis in the blood purification center of our hospital from January 2022 to June 2022 were randomly divided into control group（n=55）and study group（n=55）. Patients in the control group received routine health education，while those in the research group received health education based on health awareness theory on the basis of the control group. The scores of self-management scale，Self-rating anxiety scale（SAS）and Self-rating depression scale（SDS）of MHD patients in the two groups were compared before and six months after the intervention. Results：After the intervention，the scores of all dimensions and total scores of MHD patients in the study group were higher than those in the control group，and the difference was statistically significant（P < 0.05）. SAS and SDS scores of MHD patients in study group decreased more than those in control group，and the difference was statistically significant（P < 0.05）. Conclusion：Health education based on health awareness theory can significantly improve the self-management level of MHD patients and improve their bad psychological state.