Abstract:Objective：This paper discusses the factors that influence the effectiveness of social medical institutions，so as to further build and develop social medical institutions and provide more diversified and personalized medical service references. Methods：Based on the relevant statistical data of the health system of acertain city from 2015 to 2018，the development situation of social hospitals in a city was analyzed，and semi-structured interviews were conducted with the staff of a municipal department，the staff of medical and management in the hospital，and other key personnel. Results：Although the number of social medical institutions has been steadily increasing in some city in recent years，there are still some problems，such as inadequate policy implementation，limited medical services and exaggerated publicity. There are some defects in medical institutions run by social capital，such as limited level of institutions，difficulty in recruitment and training of talents，limitations on the professional title and scientific research development of medical personnel，and unguaranteed performance. Conclusion：A certaincity on the social capital to run medical maintained a positive attitude. To discuss the future development direction of how to plan the social do medical，build social do medical and public health institutions complement each otherandgood medical environment of fair competition，is the next step to the challenge.