Pediatric Medical Resources Infant mortality Under-5 mortality rate Pediatric Beds Pediatric Practitioners
南京医科大学哲学社会科学发展专项项目（2019ZSZ007）
目的：探讨地区儿科医疗资源分布对婴儿死亡率、5岁以下儿童死亡率的影响。方法：对江苏省十三个设区市儿科医疗资源情况进行普查，数据由各市卫生行政部门进行收集汇总并核实。采用Pearson相关分析对儿科资源分布情况与婴儿死亡率、5岁以下儿童死亡率进行相关性分析。结果：江苏省各设区市儿科床位数、儿科执业医师人数与婴儿死亡率之间相关系数分别为-0.355、-0.451（P=0.026、P=0.004），与5岁以下儿童死亡率之间相关系数分别为-0.312，-0.396（P=0.053、P=0.013）。儿童专科医院床位数、儿科执业医师人数两个关键指标与婴儿死亡率之间相关系数分别为-0.469，-0.560（P均<0.05）；与5岁以下儿童死亡率之间相关系数分别为-0.433、-0.529（P均<0.05）。结论：良好的儿科医疗资源配置和儿科医疗服务的可及性能够改善婴儿死亡率、5岁以下儿童死亡率，按地域面积配置的基础儿科医疗资源水平是影响婴儿死亡率、5岁以下儿童死亡率较为敏感的指标。
Objective：To explore the impact of regional pediatric medical resources distribution on infant mortality and under-5 mortality. Methods：The pediatric medical resources of 13 districts and cities in Jiangsu Province were surveyed. The data were collected and verified by the municipal health administrative department. Pearson correlation analysis was used to correlate the distribution of pediatric resources with infant mortality and under-5 mortality. Results：The correlation coefficients between the number of pediatric beds，the number of pediatric practitioners，and infant mortality in the districts and cities of Jiangsu Province were -0.355 and -0.451（P=0.026，P=0.004）. The correlation coefficients with the mortality of children under 5 years of age were respectively -0.312 and -0.396（P=0.053，P=0.013）. Correlation coefficients between the two key indicators of the number of beds in children’s specialist hospitals and the number of pediatric practitioners and infant mortality wererespectively -0.469 and -0.560（both P < 0.05）；the correlation coefficients with child mortality under 5 were respectively -0.433，-0.529（all P < 0.05）. Conclusion：Good pediatric medical resource allocation and access to pediatric medical services can improve infant mortality and under-5 mortality. The level of basic pediatric medical resources allocated by area is a sensitive indicators which affecting infant mortality and under-5 mortality.