Abstract:Objective：To evaluate the performance of a certain Grade-A Tertiary Hospital in Xiamen after the reform of payment by disease score. Method：Extracting the data of all the discharged patients from the target hospital in two Medicare years respectively before and after the payment reform，analyze related medical management indicators by descriptive statistics and double difference method. Results：After the reform，the increase of the average hospitalization expenses and other related indicators was lower than that before the reform；after the reform of local medical insurance，the average hospitalization expenses，the average medicine expenses，the average consumables expenses and the average net effect of hospitalization days were -761.12 yuan，-60.86 yuan，-77.86 yuan and -0.41 day，which had statistical significance（P < 0.01）respectively. Conclusion：The reform of payment by disease score under the control of total amount is beneficial to enhance the consciousness of hospital’s self-management，reduce the personal economic burden of the insured，the problem of devaluation of score unit price exists in the reform，and the double difference method has comparative advantages in studying the policy effect of medical insurance payment reform.