Medical appraisal Medical negligence Medical record Informed consent
目的：从医方角度审视医疗鉴定中医疗过错产生的原因，探究避免医疗过错、防范医疗纠纷的合理建议。方法：通过EXCEL软件从医疗鉴定的数量、科室分布、鉴定结果分类等对某医院2014年至2018年的107例医疗鉴定进行描述性分析。结果：产生医疗过错的共性问题：手术科室、急诊科医疗纠纷发生率较高；忽视病历的证据效应；怠于患方知情同意权的保护；医务人员自身专业素质和责任心的欠缺。结论：建立健全医院管理制度；加强医务人员职业道德素养；正视病案资料的法律效力；尊重患方知情同意权。
Objective：To examine the causes of medical errors in medical expertise from the perspective of doctors，and to explore reasonable suggestions for avoiding medical negligence and preventing medical disputes. Methods：107 cases of medical appraisal in a hospital from 2014 to 2018 were analyzed by EXCEL software from the number of medical appraisal，the distribution of departments and the classification of appraisal results. Result：The common problems of medical negligence are：the incidence of medical disputes in operation department and emergency department is high；the evidence effect of medical records is neglected；the protection of patients’right to informed consent is neglected；and the lack of medical staff’s professional quality and responsibility. Conclusion：Establishing and improving hospital management system，strengthening medical staff’s professional ethics，facing up to the legal effect of medical records correctly，and respecting patients’right of informed consent.