Abstract:Objective：Investigate burden of disease of children with hand foot and mouth disease（HFMD），and provide scientific basis for prevention and rational allocation of health resources. Method：Retrospective survey for basic situation and economic burden of 2 184 cases in Nanjing Children’s Hospital from 2015 to 2017，SPSS 13.0 for statistical analyze. Results：1 422 cases within 3-year-old，accounting the highest proportion for 65.1%. Total average in-patient cost was 10 163.67 RMB，including 9 309.67 Yuan direct medical expense and 854 Yuan indirect expense. Average length of hospital stay was 8.2 days. Conclusion：Burden of disease for children with HFMD is heavy. By raising public awareness of prevention，actively improve control and treatment ability of primary hospitals will be helpful to reduce incidence of HFMD and effectively reduce economic burden of society and family.