粒细胞缺乏症患者是院内感染的高危人群，儿童血液系统疾病变化较成人迅速，尤其需要重点关注。通过对粒细胞缺乏患者发生院内感染的相关文献进行归纳和分析，从感染特点、危险因素及防控措施三个方面综合整理当前粒缺合并感染的研究现况，列出影响感染的高危因素并提出相应的预防和干预举措，同时紧密结合儿童自身特点，为针对性降低院内感染、提高患儿预后奠定基础。
Patients with agranulocytosis are high-risk groups of nosocomial infection. Development of hematological diseases are more rapid in children，so compared with adults，more attention should be paid to children patients. Through summarize relevant literature，three aspects of infection characteristics，risk factors and prevention measures are analyzed，and combining with children’s characteristics high-risk factors of infection and corresponding intervention strategies are reported to reduce nosocomial infection and improve prognosis.